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The ethical theory that answers all questions of what to do, what to admire, or how to live, in terms of maximizing *utility* or happiness.
234 questions
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Is deontology just a different type of utilitarianism, or is there a bigger difference?
In the standard trolley problem, where five lives can be saved by taking action to end one instead, it can be argued that it is immoral to kill the one person, so even though you could save five you ...
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Is violence ever morally justifiable to restore dignity in conditions of extreme passive coercion? [closed]
I came up with a thought experiment to reach the limits of reason, to bring to light what I consider a very important problem.
Is violence justified in matters of dignity, or lack thereof?
~-~- ...
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Ethics, invented or discovered?
The "invented" position is called moral constructivism.
It seems to me that if we construct ethics like in deontology or rule utilitarianism or what have you, we are saying things about how ...
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Can morality be made objective by defining rules, like in chess?
The rules of chess are, in a sense, arbitrary—someone decided them. But once those rules are set, we can objectively evaluate chess moves as "good" or "bad" based on their ...
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Any progress on Sigwicks's dualism of practical reason?
Bentham and Mills say that pleasure being the motive of man, therefore pleasure must be maximized for the group in utilitarian ethics.
In his book The Method of Ethics Henry Sidgwick shows, however, ...
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The problematic nature of the aggregation of happiness in Utilitarianism?
I've long had some suspicions about the problematic nature of aggregating utility via the use of numeric measure and addition of quantities associated with happiness.
Is the assumption in ...
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Are there forms of consequentialism besides utilitarianism?
I have always thought of consequentialism and utilitarianism as being the same, but now I wonder, are there forms of consequentialism besides utilitarianism? I would love to see some references by any ...
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Classical Utilitarianism and falsifiability?
I was watching Ian Shapiro's account of Bentham's classical Utilitarianism. Here is an abridged version of a discusion between him and his students:
Prof: Now, I'm going to make five points about ...
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Is anyone not an utilitarian?
Even for those schools of thought with certain required or forbidden actions that don’t seem to align with the goal of “optimization of happiness,” can’t these obligations also be viewed as “...
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What is an overview of utilitarian arguments in support of exclusive relationships?
In light of the lack of success with my previous question Is exclusivity optimal from a utilitarian perspective? What's wrong with being non-exclusive?, I’d like to vindicate the topic by asking, ...
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Is exclusivity optimal from a utilitarian perspective? What's wrong with being non-exclusive? [closed]
Infidelity is typically regarded as a moral transgression, but it cannot exist without a prior promise of exclusivity.
This prompts the question: why is exclusivity so highly valued in the first place?...
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Is the metaphysical/methodological distinction fundamentally useful in taxonomies of ethical theories? [closed]
Presupposition of the question: that the realism/non-realism distinction is itself sufficiently fundamental to be worth juxtaposing with the metaphysical/methodological distinction in the first place.
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Is there such a thing (in the literature) as "process utilitarianism"?
I love Rawls' work, but I wonder if he didn't go a little "overboard" with his critique of utilitarianism. Like, he does go over "mixed conceptions" and all, but so much of his ...
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How do virtue ethics and utilitarianism compare on the issue of disconnecting life-support?
While reading this interesting Question about approaches to the issue of abortion, I thought it would be illuminating to consider the situation of disconnecting life-support.
For utilitarianism, it ...
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How do virtue ethics and utilitarianism differ in their approach to the issue of abortion?
The ethical issue of abortion generally presents two choices: to abort or not to abort. A utilitarian approach would likely involve calculating the consequences of each option, seeking to maximize ...